Informatics Publishing Limited

Navneet Kaur ¹, Rajan Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali - 140413, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The main objective of this work is to lessen energy utilization of Wireless Sensor Network. The Radio Frequency Identification is the protocol of Wireless Sensor Network which provides channel access using TDMA protocol. Due to weak clock synchronization of sensor nodes TDMA protocols do not work efficiently. The improvement will be proposed in Radio Frequency Identification protocol to synchronize clocks of sensor nodes for efficient working of TDMA protocol. Methods: To reduce energy consumption of sensor networks various operation modes are used and these modes are sleep, active and ready mode. The TDMA protocol is used to assign time to sensor nodes for efficient execution of these modes. In the sensor network clocks of the sensor nodes are weakly synchronized due to which packet loss may occur due to which network lifetime get reduced. The proposed improvement and existing Radio Frequency Identification protocol is simulated in NS2 with finite number of sensor nodes on area of 800*800 meter. The LEACH protocol is used for clustering and for Cluster Head selection. Findings: In this paper, improvement is being proposed in Radio Frequency Identification protocol for clock synchronization and proposed improvement in based on time lay technique. In time lay technique base station takes initiative to synchronize clocks of the sensor nodes. It is been analyzed that proposed algorithm performs well in terms of energy consumption, throughput and delay.

Keywords

Cluster Head, Diffusion, Leach Protocol, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Protocol, Time Lay Protocol.

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Meenu Saini ¹, Rajan Kumar ¹, Jasleen kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali - 140413, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To implement misdirection attack and analyze network performance of LEACH protocol; to propose node localization based technique to detect and isolate misdirection attack; to implement existing and the proposed techniques and compare the consequences in terms of throughput, delay and energy consumption. Method: In this manner, a novel procedure has been proposed for the detection and isolation of the misdirection assault in Wireless Sensor Networks. The proposed technique is based on node localization, in which delay per hop is counted and the node which is increasing delay maximum times which can be detected as a malicious node. Findings: The simulation of the planned algorithm is performed in NS2 by taking area of 800*800 meters and the numbers of nodes are 20. It has been analyzed that network throughput is to raise and the delay and energy utilization of the sensor nodes lessened.

Keywords

Assaults in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Misdirection Attack in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), Node Localization, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN).

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Vivekanand Singh ¹, Ankit Kr. Upadhyay ¹, Rajan Kumar ¹, Sheen C. Moses ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power, Vaugh School of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

This research study was conducted in order to determine and compare the performances of two different high capacity wheat thresher and economic characteristics of threshing for wheat crop. The research was conducted in the farm of Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad. The treatments under the comparisons were different type of power thresher .Wheat crop which was ready for threshing in the field at SHIATS, Allahabad. Wheat was threshed by high capacity Himanchal and Haramba thresher on different cylinder speeds. Three replications were taken and values of dependent variables were computed to indicate the performance evaluation of high capacity flow through the Himanchal and Haramba wheat thresher were carried out for threshing of wheat w.r.t threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, output capacity and total machine losses including broken grain, sieve loss, blown or spilled grain and unthreshed grain. The observation were taken at three drum speeds of 850 rpm, 740 rpm and 685 rpm and three feed rate 34 kg/min, 36 kg/min and 39 kg/min at the moisture content of 16.2 per cent and two concave clearances (21 mm and 18 mm). The analysis of data and results obtained from the comparative evaluation of both the machines shows that threshing efficiency and cleaning efficiency for machine (M₁) 98.89 per cent and 98.96 and (M₂)99.10 per cent and 99.08 per cent, respectively at the 850 rpm drum speed on given feed rate 39 kg/min. The highest machine losses were 10.07 per cent at 34 kg/min on 685 rpm and lowest grain losses were 6.30 per cent at 39 kg/min on 850 rpm. The cost of threshing through the high capacity thresher was obtained Rs. 417.70 per hour and the threshing cost Rs.41.77 per quintal through the Himanchal high capacity wheat thresher and Rs.27.84 per quintal through the Haramba high capacity wheat thresher. It was concluded that there is an inherent advantage of Haramba high capacity wheat thresher over the Himanchal high capacity wheat thresher and manual operation. It is necessary to maximize the use of the machine.

Keywords

Threshing Performance, Wheat, Threshing Efficiency, Cleaning Efficiency.

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A. P. Dineshbabu ¹, Sujitha Thomas ¹, Josileen Jose ¹, P. T. Sarada ¹, Lakshmi Pillai ¹, Rekha Devi Chakraborty ¹, Gyanranjan Dash ¹, Anulekshmi Chellappan ¹, Shubhadeep Ghosh ¹, G. B. Purushottama ¹, Rajan Kumar ¹, M. Rajkumar ¹, Indira Divipala ¹, D. Nakhava Ajay ¹, R. Ratheeshkumar ¹, K. V. Akhilesh ¹, V. Mahesh ¹, Swathipriyanka Sen ¹, Rajesh Pradhan ¹, Shikha Rahangdale ¹, R. Vinothkumar ¹, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan ¹, K. M. Rajesh ¹, R. Narayanakumar ¹, P. S. Swathilekshmi ¹, S. S. Raju ¹, G. Maheswarudu ¹, M. Sivadas ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi 682 018, India, IN

Abstract

Globally, trawl is the major fishing gear used in marine fisheries and in India, it contributes to more than one-third of the marine fish production. Trawl fishing has been critically evaluated from a sustainability perspective, especially analysing its bycatch composition. Most of the bycatch from trawlers contains valuable edible species with high market demand. However, a portion of the bycatch which does not have such demand in the edible fish market, known as low-value bycatch (LVB), continues to be a matter of concern from an ecological and economic perspective. During 2017–19, 30–60% of trawl landing in India was constituted by LVB, which was mainly used for fishmeal preparation. To enhance the value and utility of LVB, this study explores the possibility of converting waste from LVB into edible resources using pufferfish and triggerfish. It also highlights the positive impact of efforts by different Government agencies for bycatch mitigation like the implementation of minimum legal size in reducing the juvenile component in bycatch, with a social survey-based account of fisher’s perceptions and suggestions on successful bycatch mitigation

Keywords

Ecological impacts, fishery economics, low-value bycach, minimum legal size, trawl.

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